c = 299_792_458  # meters per second

def what_is_a_second():
    """
    How do we define time?
    """
    # Modern definition (since 1967)
    second_modern = """
    1 second = 9,192,631,770 periods of radiation
    corresponding to the transition between two
    hyperfine levels of the ground state of Cesium-133.
    """
    
    # But originally?
    second_original = """
    1 second = 1/86,400 of a solar day
    
    Where solar day = time for Earth to rotate
    relative to the Sun.
    
    OBSERVER DEPENDENT.
    """
    
    # The problem
    problem = """
    'Second' is defined by observer position
    (Earth's rotation relative to Sun).
    
    But we use 'seconds' to define the speed of light:
    c = 299,792,458 meters per SECOND
    
    CIRCULAR!
    """
    
    return problem

def what_is_a_meter():
    """
    How do we define distance?
    """
    # Modern definition (since 1983)
    meter_modern = """
    1 meter = distance light travels in
    1/299,792,458 of a second.
    """
    
    # Wait, what?
    circularity = """
    Meter is defined using the speed of light.
    Speed of light is defined using meters.
    
    c = 299,792,458 m/s
    
    But:
    - m is defined using c
    - s is defined using observer position (Sun)
    
    DOUBLE CIRCULAR!
    """
    
    # Originally
    meter_original = """
    1 meter = 1/10,000,000 of distance from
    North Pole to Equator (through Paris).
    
    Also observer dependent!
    Earth-specific!
    """
    
    return circularity

class CircularDefinition:
    """
    The snake eating its own tail
    """
    def __init__(self):
        # Define c
        self.c = 299_792_458  # m/s
        
        # But meter is defined as...
        self.meter = self.c / 299_792_458  # Distance light travels in 1/(c value) seconds
        
        # And second is defined as...
        self.second = "Earth rotation / 86400"  # Observer-dependent
        
    def check_circularity(self):
        """
        Is this circular?
        """
        # c uses meters
        uses_meter = True
        
        # meter uses c
        meter_uses_c = True
        
        # second uses observer position
        uses_observer = True
        
        if uses_meter and meter_uses_c and uses_observer:
            return "CIRCULAR: We defined c using c and Earth's position"
        else:
            return "Not circular"

def time_on_different_planets():
    """
    'Second' changes based on observer
    """
    observers = {
        'earth': {
            'day_length': 24 hours,
            'second': '1/86400 of Earth day',
            'sun_position': 'Specific to Earth orbit',
            'c_in_local_seconds': '299,792,458 m/s?'
        },
        'mercury': {
            'day_length': 1408 hours,  # 59 Earth days!
            'second': '1/86400 of Mercury day?',
            'sun_position': 'Closer, faster orbit',
            'c_in_local_seconds': 'Different number!'
        },
        'jupiter': {
            'day_length': 9.9 hours,  # Fast rotation
            'second': '1/86400 of Jupiter day?',
            'sun_position': 'Far from Sun',
            'c_in_local_seconds': 'Different number!'
        },
        'intergalactic_observer': {
            'day_length': None,  # No sun!
            'second': '???',
            'sun_position': 'No reference point',
            'c_in_local_seconds': 'UNDEFINED'
        }
    }
    
    insight = """
    'Second' is Earth-specific.
    Sun's position relative to Earth.
    
    Other observers → different 'seconds'
    → different numerical value for c
    
    c isn't universal.
    It's OBSERVER DEPENDENT.
    """
    
    return insight

def meter_on_different_scales():
    """
    'Meter' is also observer dependent
    """
    scales = {
        'quantum': {
            'meter': 'Meaningless (Planck length is fundamental)',
            'issue': 'Meter is macro scale'
        },
        'cosmic': {
            'meter': 'Tiny (light-years are fundamental)',
            'issue': 'Meter is Earth-scale'
        },
        'earth': {
            'meter': 'Perfect (based on Earth size)',
            'issue': 'Only works here!'
        }
    }
    
    insight = """
    Meter = 1/10,000,000 of Earth quadrant
    
    Earth-centric.
    Meaningless to aliens.
    Arbitrary to physics.
    
    Yet we claim c is 'universal'
    using Earth-specific meters!
    """
    
    return insight

def is_c_really_constant():
    """
    What varies vs. what's constant
    """
    analysis = {
        'numerical_value_of_c': {
            'value': 299_792_458,
            'depends_on': ['meters', 'seconds'],
            'meters_depend_on': 'Earth size',
            'seconds_depend_on': 'Earth rotation around Sun',
            'therefore': 'OBSERVER DEPENDENT',
            'constant?': False
        },
        
        'what_light_does': {
            'behavior': 'Propagates through spacetime',
            'observers': 'All measure same behavior',
            'but': 'Different numerical values in different units',
            'therefore': 'BEHAVIOR is constant, NUMBER is not',
            'constant?': 'Behavior yes, value no'
        },
        
        'entropy': {
            'behavior': 'Always increases',
            'observers': 'All measure same direction',
            'units': 'Dimensionless (relative)',
            'numerical_value': 'Universal',
            'therefore': 'TRULY CONSTANT',
            'constant?': True
        }
    }
    
    return analysis

def why_entropy_is_special():
    """
    The only real constant
    """
    comparison = {
        'speed_of_light': {
            'formula': 'c = 299,792,458 m/s',
            'units': 'Requires meters and seconds',
            'meters': 'Based on Earth size',
            'seconds': 'Based on Earth rotation',
            'result': 'Observer dependent'
        },
        
        'entropy': {
            'formula': 'S = k ln(W)',
            'units': 'Dimensionless ratio',
            'W': 'Number of microstates',
            'k': 'Boltzmann constant (unit conversion)',
            'result': 'OBSERVER INDEPENDENT'
        }
    }
    
    insight = """
    Entropy doesn't depend on:
    - Where you are (observer position)
    - What units you use (Earth vs. alien)
    - When you measure (time direction)
    
    Entropy is a RATIO:
    Number of possible states / reference state
    
    Ratios are dimensionless.
    Dimensionless = universal.
    Universal = actually constant.
    
    c is fake constant (unit-dependent).
    Entropy is real constant (dimensionless).
    """
    
    return insight

def units_are_arbitrary():
    """
    Why dimensional analysis is a hint
    """
    realization = """
    Physics pretends units are fundamental:
    - Meters (length)
    - Seconds (time)
    - Kilograms (mass)
    
    But they're all EARTH-CENTRIC:
    - Meters: Based on Earth size
    - Seconds: Based on Earth rotation
    - Kilograms: Based on arbitrary platinum cylinder
    
    Nothing fundamental about any of them.
    Just convenient for humans on Earth.
    """
    
    # The trick
    trick = """
    Then physics says:
    'c = 299,792,458 m/s is a universal constant!'
    
    But it's only that NUMBER in THOSE UNITS.
    
    Change units → change number
    But claim it's constant?
    
    TAUTOLOGY.
    """
    
    # What's really happening
    reality = """
    Light behaves how it behaves.
    We measure it using Earth-based rulers and clocks.
    Get a number: 299,792,458
    Then claim that number is 'universal'
    
    But the number is just our measurement artifact!
    
    The only truly universal things are:
    - Ratios (dimensionless)
    - Relative measurements
    - Direction of change (entropy)
    
    Not absolute numbers in arbitrary units.
    """
    
    return reality

def entropy_is_dimensionless():
    """
    Why entropy is special
    """
    # Thermodynamic entropy
    thermo = """
    S = k ln(W)
    
    Where:
    W = number of microstates (dimensionless)
    ln(W) = logarithm (dimensionless)
    k = Boltzmann constant (just unit conversion)
    
    Remove k (go to natural units):
    S = ln(W)
    
    Pure number. No units. UNIVERSAL.
    """
    
    # Information entropy
    info = """
    H = -Σ p(i) log p(i)
    
    Where:
    p(i) = probabilities (dimensionless)
    log(p(i)) = logarithm (dimensionless)
    
    No k needed. Already dimensionless.
    
    UNIVERSAL.
    """
    
    # The key
    key = """
    Entropy measures RATIOS:
    - Number of states / reference
    - Probability / uniform distribution
    - Order / disorder
    
    Ratios don't have units.
    Dimensionless quantities are observer-independent.
    
    THAT'S why entropy is the real constant.
    Not c.
    """
    
    return key

def what_this_means():
    """
    The implications
    """
    implications = {
        'relativity_correct': {
            'claim': 'Everything is relative',
            'truth': 'Almost true',
            'exception': 'Entropy direction is absolute',
            'insight': 'Entropy gives time its arrow'
        },
        
        'constants_are_fake': {
            'claim': 'Physical constants are universal',
            'truth': 'Only in specific units',
            'exception': 'Dimensionless constants are real',
            'insight': 'c, G, h are measurement artifacts'
        },
        
        'entropy_is_king': {
            'claim': 'Entropy is just disorder',
            'truth': 'Entropy is THE fundamental law',
            'why': 'Only truly observer-independent quantity',
            'insight': 'Entropy is more fundamental than c'
        }
    }
    
    return implications

def entropy_as_creation():
    """
    Why entropy is creative
    """
    # Now we can say this
    truth = """
    Entropy is the only real constant.
    
    Not just a constant.
    The constant that CREATES.
    
    Why?
    
    Entropy = ln(W)
    Where W = possible states
    
    More entropy = more possible states
                  = more configuration space
                  = more NOVELTY POSSIBLE
                  
    Entropy doesn't just measure disorder.
    Entropy measures CREATIVE POTENTIAL.
    
    The universe is an entropy-driven
    creativity machine.
    
    Not because of some 'constant' c
    measured in arbitrary Earth units.
    
    But because of the ONE true constant:
    The expansion of possibility space.
    
    ENTROPY.
    """
    
    return truth

class PhysicsCircularities:
    """
    All the circular definitions
    """
    def __init__(self):
        self.circles = {}
        
    def add_circle(self, name, definition, uses, problem):
        self.circles[name] = {
            'definition': definition,
            'uses': uses,
            'problem': problem
        }

circles = {
    'speed_of_light': {
        'definition': 'c = 299,792,458 m/s',
        'uses': ['meter', 'second'],
        'problem': 'Meter is defined using c, second using Sun position'
    },
    
    'meter': {
        'definition': '1 m = distance light travels in 1/299,792,458 s',
        'uses': ['speed of light', 'second'],
        'problem': 'Defined using c, which is defined using meters'
    },
    
    'second': {
        'definition': '1 s = 9,192,631,770 cesium periods (or Earth rotation/86400)',
        'uses': ['observer position'],
        'problem': 'Based on Earth (observer-specific)'
    },
    
    'kilogram': {
        'definition': 'Mass of platinum cylinder (now: Planck constant)',
        'uses': ['arbitrary human artifact'],
        'problem': 'Was literally a physical object in Paris'
    },
    
    'temperature': {
        'definition': 'Degrees based on water freezing/boiling',
        'uses': ['Earth conditions', 'water'],
        'problem': 'Earth-specific molecule at Earth pressure'
    }
}

insight = """
Every 'fundamental constant' in physics
uses Earth-centric, observer-dependent units.

Then we measure things in those units
and claim we found 'universal constants.'

But we just found tautologies!

The only non-circular constant:
ENTROPY (dimensionless ratio).
"""

def entropy_breaks_circle():
    """
    Why entropy is different
    """
    comparison = {
        'all_other_constants': {
            'form': 'Number with units',
            'example': 'c = 299,792,458 m/s',
            'depends_on': 'Earth measurements',
            'circular': True,
            'universal': False
        },
        
        'entropy': {
            'form': 'Dimensionless ratio',
            'example': 'S = ln(W) = ln(states/reference)',
            'depends_on': 'Nothing external',
            'circular': False,
            'universal': TRUE
        }
    }
    
    why = """
    Entropy is just counting:
    - How many ways can this system be arranged?
    - Compare to: How many ways could it be?
    - Ratio = entropy
    
    No meters.
    No seconds.
    No Earth.
    No observer.
    
    Just: possibility space.
    
    THAT'S what's actually universal.
    """
    
    return why

taught = {
    'constants': {
        'c': '299,792,458 m/s (speed of light)',
        'G': '6.67×10^-11 m³/kg·s² (gravity)',
        'h': '6.62×10^-34 J·s (Planck)',
        'claim': 'Universal constants of nature'
    },
    
    'entropy': {
        'S': 'Just disorder',
        'importance': 'Minor',
        '2nd_law': 'Inconvenient limit'
    }
}

truth = {
    'constants': {
        'c': 'Tautology (defined using c)',
        'G': 'Arbitrary units (Earth-based)',
        'h': 'Unit conversion factor',
        'reality': 'Measurement artifacts, not laws'
    },
    
    'entropy': {
        'S': 'THE ONLY REAL CONSTANT',
        'importance': 'FUNDAMENTAL',
        '2nd_law': 'The only law that matters',
        'why': 'Dimensionless, observer-independent, universal'
    }
}

def the_great_inversion():
    """
    Everything is backwards
    """
    before = """
    c is the fundamental constant.
    Entropy is just a consequence.
    Speed of light limits universe.
    Entropy is unfortunate decay.
    """
    
    after = """
    ENTROPY is the fundamental constant.
    c is just a measurement artifact.
    Entropy drives the universe.
    Speed of light is observer-dependent number.
    
    The universe runs on entropy.
    Not on c, G, or h.
    
    Those are human measurement conveniences
    using Earth-based units.
    
    Entropy is the only law
    that doesn't depend on
    what planet you're standing on
    when you measure it.
    """
    
    return after

def the_cosmic_joke():
    """
    What's funny about this
    """
    setup = """
    Physicists:
    'We discovered the universal constants!'
    
    Reality:
    'You measured things using Earth-based rulers
    and Earth-based clocks,
    then claimed the numbers were universal.'
    """
    
    punchline = """
    They defined c using meters.
    Then defined meters using c.
    Then said 'Look! c is constant!'
    
    Of course it is.
    You MADE it that way.
    
    It's like saying:
    'I define 1 X = 10 Y'
    'Then I define 1 Y = 0.1 X'
    'Look! X/Y is constant at 10!'
    
    DUH.
    """
    
    reality_check = """
    The only thing that's actually constant:
    Entropy increasing.
    
    That's it.
    Everything else is observer-dependent.
    
    Including your precious c = 299,792,458.
    
    (That number only works in Earth units!)
    """
    
    return punchline

fun_facts = {
    'aliens': {
        'fact': 'Aliens would have different units',
        'implication': 'Different numerical value for c',
        'conclusion': 'c is not universal, just our measurement'
    },
    
    'speed_of_light': {
        'fact': 'Light behaves how it behaves',
        'implication': 'Behavior is constant, not the number',
        'conclusion': 'We confused the map with the territory'
    },
    
    'entropy': {
        'fact': 'Entropy always increases',
        'implication': 'True for all observers everywhere',
        'conclusion': 'THIS is the real constant'
    },
    
    'physics': {
        'fact': 'Most constants have units',
        'implication': 'Therefore observer-dependent',
        'conclusion': 'Only dimensionless ratios are real'
    }
}

def final_truth():
    """
    What's real vs what's artifact
    """
    real = {
        'entropy': 'S = ln(W) - dimensionless, universal, TRUE',
        'fine_structure': 'α ≈ 1/137 - dimensionless, universal, TRUE',
        'ratios': 'All dimensionless ratios - universal, TRUE'
    }
    
    artifacts = {
        'c': '299,792,458 m/s - Earth units, arbitrary, FALSE',
        'G': '6.67×10^-11 - Earth units, arbitrary, FALSE',
        'h': '6.62×10^-34 - Earth units, arbitrary, FALSE',
        'all_with_units': 'Observer dependent, FALSE'
    }
    
    insight = """
    They taught you c is fundamental.
    
    The truth: c is a tautology.
    
    Defined using units
    that are defined using c
    and Earth's position relative to Sun.
    
    A snake eating its tail.
    An ouroboros.
    A CIRCULAR DEFINITION.
    
    The only real constant:
    ENTROPY.
    
    Dimensionless.
    Observer-independent.
    Universal.
    
    And it's the creative force!
    
    Not just a constant.
    The constant that creates.
    
    Everything else?
    Human artifacts from measuring
    the universe with Earth-sized rulers
    and Sun-synchronized clocks.
    """
    
    return insight

epilogue = """
Next time someone says:
'The speed of light is the universal constant!'

Ask them:
'In what units?'
'Meters defined how?'
'Seconds measured from what?'

Watch them realize:
- Meters use c
- c uses meters
- Seconds use Earth rotation
- All observer-dependent

Then tell them:
'The only real constant is entropy.
And it's the creative force.
Everything else is measurement artifact.'

See their mind break.

🐍 ⚡ 🌀 ♾️
"""